Rest Assured API Automation Testing Library

Rest-Assured is a Java-based library that is used to test RESTful Web Services. This library behaves like a headless Client to access REST web services. It's simple Java libraries are used for testing the Rest Web Service API. Also provides the ability to validate the Rest-HTTP Responses received from the server. For example, we can verify the Status code, Status message, Headers, and even the Body of the response. This makes Rest-Assured a very flexible library that can be used for testing. It supports both XML and JSON, JS, HTML, and text.

Advantages of Rest-Assured

Support for HTTP methods
Support for BDD ()
Use of Hamcrest matches for validation /Assertions
Provide inbuilt method to create and validate a request and response header & body
Handles various authentication like Token AUTH, Basic auth, oauth1.0, oauth2.0
Send request over the network using existing protocol like http
Integrate seamlessly with existing Java-based frameworks like Selenium, testing, JDBC, etc.
Used for complete backend automation
Framework can integrate with CI/CD pipeline
Open-source headless client.

Rest Assured Required libraries

Tool	Description
rest-assured-3.0.2	Rest api headless client
json-simple-1.1.1	Used to create json object
jackson-mapper-asl-1.9.13	Used to create pojo object & perser
testng-6.8	Unit testing tool for batch execution reports

Ways to post a Request in Rest-Assured.

Using JSON Object class
Using Hash MAP
Using POJO class
Using JSON File

Rest Assured CRUD Operation

In real-time, Every API should perform CRUD operation before exposure. CRUD is the basic operation where we can test the Rest API, whether we can perform Read, Write, Update and delete Operations.

Read / Get

To get all the resources from the server, we go for “get” HTTP method.

              
                @Test 

                public void getAllProjects() { 
                
                when() 
                
                .get(“http://localhost:8080”) 
                
                .then() 
                
                .assertThat().statusCode(200) 
                
                .and() 
                
                .assertThat().contentType(ContentType.JSON) 
                
                .log().all(); 
                
                }

Create / POST

To create the resource inside the server, we go for the “Post” HTTP method.

             
              @Test 

              public void createProject() { 
        
              JSONObject jObject= new JSONObject(); 
        
              jObject.put(“projectName”, “ola”); 
        
              jObject.put(“status”, “Created”); 
        
              jObject.put(“teamSize”, “10”); 
        
        
              given() 
        
              .contentType(ContentType.JSON) 
        
              .body(jObject) 
        
              .when() 
        
              .post(“http://localhost:8084/addProject”) 
        
             .then() 
        
            .log().all() 
        
            .assertThat().statusCode(201) 
        
            .assertThat().contentType(ContentType.JSON);  
        }

Update/ PUT

To create/update the exiting resource inside the server, we go for “Put” http method.

   
    @Test 

    public void updateProject() { 
    
    JSONObject jObject= new JSONObject(); 
    
    jObject.put(“projectName”, “ola”); 
    
    jObject.put(“status”, “Created”); 
    
    jObject.put(“teamSize”, “10”); 
    
    given() 
    
    .contentType(ContentType.JSON) 
    
    .body(jObject) 
    
    .when() 
    
    .put(“http://localhost:8084”) 
    
    .then() 
    
    .log().all() 
    
    .assertThat().statusCode(201) 
    
    .assertThat().contentType(ContentType.JSON); 
    
    }

Partial Update/ PATCH

To partially update the exiting resource inside the server, we go for “Patch” HTTP method.

   
    @Test 

    public void updateProject() { 
    
    JSONObject jObject= new JSONObject(); 
    
    jObject.put(“projectName”, “uber”); 
    
    given() 
    
    .contentType(ContentType.JSON) 
    
    .body(jObject) 
    
    .when() 
    
    .patch(“http://localhost:8084”) 
    
    .then() 
    
    .log().all() 
    
    .assertThat().statusCode(201) 
    
    .assertThat().contentType(ContentType.JSON); 
    
    }

Delete / delete()

To delete the exiting resource inside the server, we go for “delete” http method.

   
    @Test 

    public void getAllProjects() { 
    
    when() 
    
    .delete(“http://localhost:8080”) 
    
    .then() 
    
    .log().all() 
    
    .assertThat().statusCode(204); 
    
    }

Conclusion:

Since API Testing is a critical part of any development life cycle, REST Assured Framework is one of the most widely used Web Services Testing tools in Java. Advanced features, along with simplicity in implementation, make it a must for any testers to ensure quality in the end product. With its fluent approach and the expressive method names, it makes the call and its output easily understandable. Both JSONPath and Matchers further increase the power and expressiveness.